Volume 26, Issue 3 (Autumn 2025)
jrehab 2025, 26(3): 380-397 |
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Ethics code: IR.USWR.REC.1403.054
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omidi O, Biglarian A, Heydari Z, Baghaie Rodsari R. Impact of a Milled Insole on Kinematic Gait Parameters in People With Mild Structural Leg Length Discrepancy. jrehab 2025; 26 (3) :380-397
URL: http://rehabilitationj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-3572-en.html
URL: http://rehabilitationj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-3572-en.html
1- Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2- Department of Biostatics and Epidemiology, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Social Health, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3- Department of Rehabilitation and Medical science, Iran-helal Institute of Applied Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran. & Research Center of Health Management in Mass Gadering, Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
4- Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,roshanakbaghaei@yahoo.com
2- Department of Biostatics and Epidemiology, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, School of Social Health, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
3- Department of Rehabilitation and Medical science, Iran-helal Institute of Applied Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran. & Research Center of Health Management in Mass Gadering, Red Crescent Society of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
4- Department of Orthotics and Prosthetics, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran. ,
Abstract: (1420 Views)
Objective Leg length discrepancy (LLD) is one of the most common musculoskeletal conditions, significantly affecting gait. Orthotic interventions are used for mild structural LLDs up to 50 mm, such as heel lifts and insoles, as minimally invasive interventions. This study aims to evaluate the effect of CNC-milled ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) insoles on kinematic gait variables in individuals with structural LLD <20 mm.
Materials & Methods This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 15 individuals with a mean age of 23 years, who had mild congenital structural LLD. The insole was manufactured from EVA foam using a CNC milling machine. It was covered with synthetic leather. Changes in pelvic, hip, knee, and ankle kinematic variables were recorded using a motion analysis system and pressure plate, with and without the insole. The data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 23 using paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test, considering a significance level of P<0.05.
Results Significant changes were observed in the knee range of motion (ROM) of the shorter leg on the frontal plane (P=0.03), ankle ROM of the longer leg on the sagittal plane (P=0.02), and ankle ROM of the shorter leg on the frontal plane (P<0.001) after using the insole during the stance phase of gait. During the swing phase, significant changes were reported in the knee ROM of the shorter leg on the sagittal plane (P=0.02) and the ankle ROM of the shorter leg on the frontal plane (P<0.001). The maximum ankle inversion angle of both legs (P=0.04 for shorter leg, P=0.02 for longer leg), the maximum ankle eversion angle of the longer leg (P=0.04), and the maximum ankle internal rotation angle of the longer leg (P=0.04) also showed a significant increase after using the insole during the stance phase.
Conclusion The milled insole can improve some kinematic gait parameters in people with mild congenital structural LLD.
Materials & Methods This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 15 individuals with a mean age of 23 years, who had mild congenital structural LLD. The insole was manufactured from EVA foam using a CNC milling machine. It was covered with synthetic leather. Changes in pelvic, hip, knee, and ankle kinematic variables were recorded using a motion analysis system and pressure plate, with and without the insole. The data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 23 using paired t-test or Wilcoxon signed-rank test, considering a significance level of P<0.05.
Results Significant changes were observed in the knee range of motion (ROM) of the shorter leg on the frontal plane (P=0.03), ankle ROM of the longer leg on the sagittal plane (P=0.02), and ankle ROM of the shorter leg on the frontal plane (P<0.001) after using the insole during the stance phase of gait. During the swing phase, significant changes were reported in the knee ROM of the shorter leg on the sagittal plane (P=0.02) and the ankle ROM of the shorter leg on the frontal plane (P<0.001). The maximum ankle inversion angle of both legs (P=0.04 for shorter leg, P=0.02 for longer leg), the maximum ankle eversion angle of the longer leg (P=0.04), and the maximum ankle internal rotation angle of the longer leg (P=0.04) also showed a significant increase after using the insole during the stance phase.
Conclusion The milled insole can improve some kinematic gait parameters in people with mild congenital structural LLD.
Type of Study: Applicable |
Subject:
Orthotics & Prosthetics
Received: 25/11/2024 | Accepted: 1/07/2025 | Published: 1/10/2025
Received: 25/11/2024 | Accepted: 1/07/2025 | Published: 1/10/2025
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This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-By-NC), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
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