Objective: Behavioral disorders constituted a wide range of childhood problems and its prevalence has been fluctuated in several areas of the world and Iran. This essay deals with the degree of behavioral disorders prevalence of Ilam province primary students.

Materials & Methods: This research is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. Statistical universe of this research consists of all students of primary grade in Ilam in educational year of 2004-2005. The number of students in this research, to implement the uestionnaire, was 1546 students who were selected according the method of quota sampling in accordance of sex, living areas, educational grade and the method of multistage cluster sampling. The teacher form of Rutter questionnaire was used as screening tool and psychiatry diagnostic interview form for students who had the higher score than cut-off point in Rutter test. The Chi- Square test was used to analyze the data.

Results: The findings showed degree of behavioral disorders prevalence in primary school students in Ilam province was about 10/2 per cent. The degree of prevalence in boys was greater than girls, in rural areas was higher than in urban areas. It also was greater in senior students in comparison with other educational grades. The results of prevalence according to sub-groups of diagnostic class of Rutter test shown that the highest degree of prevalence belongs to social maladjustment disorder and the lowest degree of prevalence belongs to anti-social behaviors disorder. There was a significant relation among factors such as demographic, parent`s education, parents` divorce and record of mental disease in the family and the behavioral disorders incidence in child.

Conclusion: Degree of behavioral disorders prevalence in comparison with the other researches in and out of Iran is in a medium domain.