Volume 27, Issue 2 (Summer-In Press 2026)
jrehab 2026, 27(2): 0-0 |
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Ethics code: IR.USWR.REC.1403.204
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Rostaei M, Shahshahani S, Hedayati M, Vahedi M. Determining the Validity and Reliability of the Persian Version of the University of Washington Self-Efficacy Scale (UW-SES) in Iranian Adults with Physical-Motor Disabilities. jrehab 2026; 27 (2)
URL: http://rehabilitationj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-3734-en.html
URL: http://rehabilitationj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-3734-en.html
1- University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran , mahnazrostaei@gmail.com
2- Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Department of Rehabilitation Management, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3- Department of Rehabilitation Management, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2- Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Research Center, Department of Rehabilitation Management, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3- Department of Rehabilitation Management, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Iranian Research Center on Aging, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract: (9 Views)
Objectives: Self-efficacy is a key construct in the rehabilitation of individuals with disabilities, playing a critical role in adaptation to disability. However, available instruments in Iran are mostly generic and do not assess disability-specific aspects of self-efficacy. This study aimed to translate and evaluate the psychometric properties of the University of Washington Self-Efficacy Scale (UW-SES) into Persian.
Material and Methods: This was a methodological (psychometric) and cross-sectional study. The UW-SES questionnaire was forward- and backward-translated using a standard method, and the finalized Persian version was administered to 230 adults with physical-motor disabilities in Tehran, (including patients with MS, spinal cord injury, and other physical-motor disabilities) after signing informed written consents. The content validity of the instrument was examined using the content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI). Construct validity was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using AMOS software, and reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, item–total score correlations, and test–retest reliability via the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).
Results The Persian UW-SES demonstrated excellent content validity (CVR = 0.99, CVI = 0.95). After model modification, the CFA showed an acceptable fit (χ²/df = 2.77, RMSEA = 0.088, CFI = 0.932), indicating that the factor structure of the UW-SES questionnaire is in good agreement with the data obtained from the Iranian sample. The Cronbach’s alpha obtained confirms the excellent internal consistency of the instrument (α = 0.943), and the corrected item–total correlations were in the acceptable range. The results also show that the test–retest reliability indicates very high temporal stability.
Conclusion: This study showed that the Persian version of the UW-SES is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing self-efficacy among Iranian adults with physical-motor disabilities. It can be used in both clinical and research settings to evaluate and enhance self-efficacy in rehabilitation programs.
Material and Methods: This was a methodological (psychometric) and cross-sectional study. The UW-SES questionnaire was forward- and backward-translated using a standard method, and the finalized Persian version was administered to 230 adults with physical-motor disabilities in Tehran, (including patients with MS, spinal cord injury, and other physical-motor disabilities) after signing informed written consents. The content validity of the instrument was examined using the content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI). Construct validity was assessed through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using AMOS software, and reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, item–total score correlations, and test–retest reliability via the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC).
Results The Persian UW-SES demonstrated excellent content validity (CVR = 0.99, CVI = 0.95). After model modification, the CFA showed an acceptable fit (χ²/df = 2.77, RMSEA = 0.088, CFI = 0.932), indicating that the factor structure of the UW-SES questionnaire is in good agreement with the data obtained from the Iranian sample. The Cronbach’s alpha obtained confirms the excellent internal consistency of the instrument (α = 0.943), and the corrected item–total correlations were in the acceptable range. The results also show that the test–retest reliability indicates very high temporal stability.
Conclusion: This study showed that the Persian version of the UW-SES is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing self-efficacy among Iranian adults with physical-motor disabilities. It can be used in both clinical and research settings to evaluate and enhance self-efficacy in rehabilitation programs.
Type of Study: Original |
Subject:
Rehabilitation Management
Received: 19/01/2026 | Accepted: 20/04/2026 | Published: 12/07/2026
Received: 19/01/2026 | Accepted: 20/04/2026 | Published: 12/07/2026
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This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC-By-NC), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
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