Objective: To evaluate incidence of emergency cases at orthopedic trauma clinic. The major objection was planning of Sina orthopedic trauma clinic's equipment and facilities. Summary of background data: Sina orthopedic trauma clinic is a referral trauma center with vascular surgery, Hand and plastic surgery and spine surgery facilities. Many patients from Tehran and other cities come to this clinic and want good services without attention to limited available materials, equipment and staff at this hospital.

Materials & Methods: A case series descriptive study was achieved at orthopedic trauma clinic of Sina hospital. Every patient that came to orthopedic trauma clinic was included in this study. One trained GP physician with help of residents of orthopedic surgery gathered data of patients. Then analysis on data was performed by SPSS-9.01.

Results: Seven hundreds ninety six patients came at three last months of 1998, of them, 78' were male and mean age of them was 28.8 years. Five hundred thirty had bone fracture, 49 of them had dislocation, 84 of them had crushing injury, and other had ligamentous damage. Falling was the major cause of trauma (30%), other causes were pedestrian trauma (22%), motorcycle injury (5%) and so on. Two hundreds of these patients were admitted.

Conclusion: Planning of hospital staff, equipment, usable material is very important factor to prepare excellent service for patients and the only method to assessment of needs is correct available data in every area or state of a city or country. This study is the beginning of this project.

Objective: The purpose of this study is identification of rehabilitation needs in orthopedic injuries of bam earthquake.

Materials & Methods: In this cross sectional study we examined 3000 Persons of the injured people of the Bam earthquake who were referred to the hospitals of the country. We selected some of hospitals randomly and evaluated history of all patients that had been injured by earthquake.

Results: Data shows that the most injuries are because of fracture and dislocation (63.74%). then, the traumatic injuries of the peripheral and central nervous system have the most penetration. (11.15 % and 9.53%) and the other cases including soft tissue injuries (3.17%), open wound (9.48%), arterial injuries (0.72%) and amputee have the least of all (0.55%).

Conclusion: The practical conclusion for critic management is that the most needed experts are orthopedic and rehabilitation experts (physiotherapists and technical orthopedists), the emergency rehabilitation clinic are required for prompt rehabilitation services too.

Objective: Flat foot is common deformity in children that medial longitudinal arch is decreased, which if not treated in childhood may lead to pain and other problems in adulthood. Insoles and orthopedic shoes usually prescribed for treatment of flat foot in children, but the biomechanical impact of these devices is not yet clear. The purpose of this study is comparison of two conventional orthoses intervention in Iran, including medical shoe and functional foot orthosis on static balance by measurement of displacement of center of pressure and cop sway velocity in children with flexible flat foot .

Materials & Methods: This Quasi experimental study were accomplished on 30 children with flat foot and 10 healthy children for achievement of normal data in healthy children. Children stood unilaterally on force plate of Neurocom and in order to measurement of balance, displacement of center of pressure and COP (Center of Pressure) sway velocity were recorded.

Results: The results related to displacement of the center of pressure in a flat foot showed with insoles and conventional shoe the amount of displacement of center of pressure significantly were reduced (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between orthopedic shoe and functional foot orthosis, (P=0.12). Results of COP sway velocity showed in barefoot condition COP sway the most and in comparison with orthopedic shoe COP sway velocity were decreased with functional foot orthosis and regular shoe (significant level was 0.05).

Conclusion: According to result of this study about static balance in flat foot children, there was no significant different among orthopedic shoe and functional foot orthosis. Due to the reduced displacement of center of pressure with functional foot orthosis and rejection of orthopedic shoe by children it seems that prescription of functional foot orthosis with regular shoe can be properly administered in flat foot children.