Objective: improving medical knowledge and successes in increasing the survival rate of high risk infants introduced future development of these children. Objective of This study was correlation between high-risk pregnancy and developmental delay in children 4-60 months.

Materials & Methods: This correlation descriptive study on 401 mothers and children 60-4 months that were visited in health services centers affiliated to University of Medical Sciences in 1388. Sampling was done in several stages. "Ages and Stages Questionnaire" completed by samples, as well as child anthropometric measurements were taken by the researcher with the meter and scale. The data analyzed by software SPSS 18 and Independent T, Man-Whitney and Logistic regression tests were used.

Results: The results showed that the average age of children in low-risk pregnancy group was 22±16 month and high risk pregnancy group 18.9±14.8 month and their gender was female. The mean age of mothers in low-risk pregnancy was 26.31 year and 27.56 year in high risk pregnancies, they had high school education and homemaker. Prevalence of high risk pregnancies was 92% and the prevalence of developmental delay was 18.7%. Multiple pregnancies, low birth weight, habitual abortions, maternal medical disorders in pregnancy, gestational diabetes had significant correlation with developmental delay of children. In the logistic model male gender, low birth weight, family marriage and maternal medical disorders in pregnancy showed significant correlations with developmental delay of children. Also BMI, social and economic status showed probability value close to significant level and other variables of high risk pregnancy had no correlation with developmental delay of children. There were no correlation between high risk pregnancy and developmental delay in children also its domains (P=0.06).

Conclusion: It is unlikely that developmental delay in children occurs due to a factor of high risk pregnancy, because these factors are opposed environmental and genetic effects. Biological, maternal and environmental factors should be considered as possible causes of developmental delay in children.

Objective: Because of the necessity for more and different follow-ups in children with developmental disorders in the early years of life, determination of contributing, factors especially those related to pregnancy is important in any community. This study was performed to reveal a correlation of anemia in mothers during childbirth with developmental status of 12-month infants.

Materials & Methods: This study was performed through designing descriptive correlation on 250 mothers and their 12-month infants who visited to health services centers affiliated to Qazvin University of Medical Sciences and Health-Treatment Services in 1390 in multistage sampling method. Data collection tool included informational forms, Ages and Stages Questionnaire. Thereafter, the data was statistically analyzed with and Chi-square, Independent T, Mann-Whitney and Logistic regression tests.

Results: The prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia in the studied community was 12% and the prevalence of developmental delay of children was 22.4%. Anemia had a significant correlation with developmental status of infants and its communicational domain (P<0.05). In the logistics model, hemoglobin showed significant correlation with developmental status of infants (P=0.02 and OR=0.31). 66.7% out of all infants in anemic group and 55% in non-anemic group were male boys. Also the male gender had a ratio close to significance level (P=0.55 and OR=0.052). Other variables showed no correlations.

Conclusion: Mother’s Iran Deficiency anemia showed to be in possible attribution with infants’ Developmental delay and it is compatible with the crucial role of Iran for central nervous system development.

Objective: Quality of life is affected by many factors including stressors and coping strategies. Schizophrenia patients suffer from numerous stresses and have difficulties in coping strategies against life stressors which in turn can influence their quality of life. So it is important that coping strategies in patients with schizophrenia be known. This study has been performed in order to appraise coping strategies in schizophrenia patient and their relationship with quality of life.

Materials & Methods: In this descriptive- correlational study 90 schizophrenia patients referring to psychiatry clinics of educational psychiatric hospitals in Tehran during a nine-month period were evaluated with the “World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-Brief Version” and with “The Ways of Coping Questionnaire”. Data was analyzed by Anova, Independent T test, Kruskal Wallis, Man Whitney and chi-square tests.

Results: The results showed that most of the participants (42.1%) used the "avoidance” coping strategy. The results also showed that the majority of participants (77.8%) had an average level of quality of life. In addition, the results showed that there was a meaningful relationship between quality of life and coping strategies (P=0.005) such that samples who used the "avoidance” coping strategy, had lower quality of life.

Conclusion: There was a meaningful relationship between "quality of life" and "coping strategies". Including teaching of coping skills in the treatment and rehabilitation plan of schizophrenia patients can increase their use of more effective coping strategies and to improve their quality of life.