Volume 19, Issue 3 (Autumn 2018)
jrehab 2018, 19(3): 206-219 |
Back to browse issues page
Download citation:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
BibTeX | RIS | EndNote | Medlars | ProCite | Reference Manager | RefWorks
Send citation to:
Aazami Y, Sohrabi F, Borjali A, Farrokhi N, Farokh Forghani S. The Effectiveness of Psychosocial Model-Based Therapy on Social Skills in People With PTSD After Burn. jrehab 2018; 19 (3) :206-219
URL: http://rehabilitationj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-2389-en.html
URL: http://rehabilitationj.uswr.ac.ir/article-1-2389-en.html
1- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
2- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran. , aazami67@gmail.com
3- Department of Assessment and Measurement, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
4- Department of Burn and Reconstructive, Hazrat Fatemeh Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran. , aazami67@gmail.com
3- Department of Assessment and Measurement, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
4- Department of Burn and Reconstructive, Hazrat Fatemeh Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Abstract: (6029 Views)
Objective Because burns are one of the traumatic events that causes Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and the scar caused by an accident causes changes in the skin and the appearance of the patient, these people will have problems in their social relationships that affect their lives and social skills. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the effectiveness of psychosocial model-based treatment plan on social skills of people with PTSD resulting from burn.
Materials & Methods The present study was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, following the review of literature and therapeutic theories and concepts based on the psychosocial perspective, a plan was developed. Then, in order to validate the treatment program, 10 specialists and experts in clinical and health psychology department were consulted to determine the validity of the proposed plan. In the second stage, after designing and validating the program, a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test design with control group was implemented. The statistical population included all female patients referring to Tehran Shahid Motahari Burn Rescue Hospital in 2017. They were evaluated in a two stage sampling. In the first step, according to simple random sampling method, a semi-structured diagnostic interview was conducted based on DSM-5 psychiatric disorders criteria by a clinical psychologist and by performing a PTSD checklist screening. In the second stage based on simple random sampling method, 30 patients were selected from the subjects with PTSD (In each group of 15 people, with a drop in the post-test phase, 13 patients in examination group and 15 in the control group remained). The psychosocial treatment program was conducted in 12 sessions and followed up for two months in the experimental group. Measurement tools including semi-structured diagnostic interviews based on DSM-5, PTSD Checklist-5 (PCL-5) and Social Skills Inventory (SSI) were used to collect data, and the results were analyzed in SPSS V. 22 by performing MANCOVA to examine the effect of intervention and dependent t test on the survival of the treatment.
Results The results showed that the program had acceptable content validity so that the Content Validity Index (CVI) based on the Lawshe method for the treatment program was 0.85 (with a minimum acceptable value of 0.62 for this number of specialists), and the CVI based on the Waltz and Bausell method for the treatment program was 0.92 (The minimum acceptable value is 0.79). Accordingly, the content validity and the CVI of the program are acceptable. The results of the treatment intervention showed that considering the higher mean scores of the experimental group compared to control group in the post-test and follow up stage, the psychosocial model-based program improved social skills, including social expression, emotional expression, social sensitivity, emotional sensitivity, social control, and emotional control in people with PTSD due to burn injuries (P<0.05). The results of t dependent test to determine the survival rate of treatment by comparing pretest and follow-up of the experimental group showed that the effect of the plan on improving social skills remained in the follow-up phase (P<0.05).
Conclusion Based on the results, patients with PTSD due to burned scar have a disadvantage in terms of proper social communication and social skills. Also a psychosocial model-based therapeutic program can effectively improve the social skills of patients with PTSD due to burns.
Materials & Methods The present study was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, following the review of literature and therapeutic theories and concepts based on the psychosocial perspective, a plan was developed. Then, in order to validate the treatment program, 10 specialists and experts in clinical and health psychology department were consulted to determine the validity of the proposed plan. In the second stage, after designing and validating the program, a quasi-experimental design with pre-test and post-test design with control group was implemented. The statistical population included all female patients referring to Tehran Shahid Motahari Burn Rescue Hospital in 2017. They were evaluated in a two stage sampling. In the first step, according to simple random sampling method, a semi-structured diagnostic interview was conducted based on DSM-5 psychiatric disorders criteria by a clinical psychologist and by performing a PTSD checklist screening. In the second stage based on simple random sampling method, 30 patients were selected from the subjects with PTSD (In each group of 15 people, with a drop in the post-test phase, 13 patients in examination group and 15 in the control group remained). The psychosocial treatment program was conducted in 12 sessions and followed up for two months in the experimental group. Measurement tools including semi-structured diagnostic interviews based on DSM-5, PTSD Checklist-5 (PCL-5) and Social Skills Inventory (SSI) were used to collect data, and the results were analyzed in SPSS V. 22 by performing MANCOVA to examine the effect of intervention and dependent t test on the survival of the treatment.
Results The results showed that the program had acceptable content validity so that the Content Validity Index (CVI) based on the Lawshe method for the treatment program was 0.85 (with a minimum acceptable value of 0.62 for this number of specialists), and the CVI based on the Waltz and Bausell method for the treatment program was 0.92 (The minimum acceptable value is 0.79). Accordingly, the content validity and the CVI of the program are acceptable. The results of the treatment intervention showed that considering the higher mean scores of the experimental group compared to control group in the post-test and follow up stage, the psychosocial model-based program improved social skills, including social expression, emotional expression, social sensitivity, emotional sensitivity, social control, and emotional control in people with PTSD due to burn injuries (P<0.05). The results of t dependent test to determine the survival rate of treatment by comparing pretest and follow-up of the experimental group showed that the effect of the plan on improving social skills remained in the follow-up phase (P<0.05).
Conclusion Based on the results, patients with PTSD due to burned scar have a disadvantage in terms of proper social communication and social skills. Also a psychosocial model-based therapeutic program can effectively improve the social skills of patients with PTSD due to burns.
Type of Study: Original |
Subject:
Clinical Psycology
Received: 14/06/2018 | Accepted: 30/06/2018 | Published: 15/10/2018
Received: 14/06/2018 | Accepted: 30/06/2018 | Published: 15/10/2018
References
1. Alaghehbandan R, Azimi L, Lari AR. Nosocomial infections among burn patients in Teheran, Iran: A decade later. Annals of Burns and Fire Disasters. 2012; 25(1):3-7. [PMID] [PMCID] [PMID] [PMCID]
2. World Health Organization. The global burden of disease: 2004 Update. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2008.
3. Aghakhani K, Aram S, Mehrpisheh S, Memarian A, Hoseini R, Ghorbani M. [Evaluating the role of gender in the etiology, demographic features and prognosis of burn patients admitted to Shahid Motahari hospital: A five-year retrospective study (Persian)]. Razi Journal of Medical Sciences. 2015; 21(127):95-101.
4. Guillory AN, Porter C, Suman OE, Zapata-Sirvent RE, Finnerty CC, Herndon DN. Modulation of the hypermetabolic response after burn injury. Total Burn Care. 2018:301-6. [DOI:10.1016/B978-0-323-47661-4.00029-0] [DOI:10.1016/B978-0-323-47661-4.00029-0]
5. Van Loey NE, Van Son MJM. Psychopathology and psychological problems in patients with burn scars. American Journal of Clinical Dermatology. 2003; 4(4):245-72. [DOI:10.2165/00128071-200304040-00004] [PMID] [DOI:10.2165/00128071-200304040-00004]
6. Park SY, Choi KA, Jang Yc, Oh SJ. The risk factors of psychosocial problems for burn patients. Burns. 2008; 34(1):24-31. [DOI:10.1016/j.burns.2007.03.012] [PMID] [DOI:10.1016/j.burns.2007.03.012]
7. Wisely J, Tarrier N. A survey of the need for psychological input in a follow-up service for adult burn-injured patients. Burns. 2001; 27(8):801-7. [DOI:10.1016/S0305-4179(01)00058-4] [DOI:10.1016/S0305-4179(01)00058-4]
8. Palmu R, Suominen K, Vuola J, Isometsä E. Mental disorders after burn injury: A prospective study. Burns. 2011; 37(4):601-9. [DOI:10.1016/j.burns.2010.06.007] [PMID] [DOI:10.1016/j.burns.2010.06.007]
9. Shokoogi-Yekta M, Akbari-Zardkhaneh S, Ghahvechi F. Effectiveness of psycho-social skill training packages for drivers on their emotional management and mental health. International Journal of Research in Psychological Health. 2015; 9(1):61-77.
10. Kholghi H, Ghanbari S, Habibi M. [Social skills and hopelessness of teenagers: The function of mediator coping strategies (Persian)]. International Journal of Behavioral Sciences. 2014; 8(4):307-15.
11. Taghinezhad Z, Eghlima M, Arshi M, Pourhossein Hendabad P. [Effectiveness of Social Skills Training on Social Adjustment of Elderly People (Persian)]. Archives of Rehabilitation. 2017; 18(3):230-41. [DOI:10.21859/jrehab-1803230] [DOI:10.21859/jrehab-1803230]
12. Nouri Qasem Abadi R. [Communications and social links guarantee the health of the individual and society (Persian)]. Kar va Kargar. 1998; 1-2.
13. Ostadian Khani Z, Fadie Moghadam M. [Effect of acceptance and commitment group therapy on social adjustment and social phobia among physically-disabled persons (Persian)]. Archives of Rehabilitation. 2017; 18(1):63-72. [DOI:10.21859/jrehab-180163] [DOI:10.21859/jrehab-180163]
14. Ghaderi Rammazi M, Askarizadeh G, Ahmadi G, Divsalar K. The Role of Psychiatric Symptoms, Social Support and Meaning in Life in Predicting Internet Addiction Among University Students: A Causal Model. Practice in Clinical Psychology. 2018; 6(2):101-10. [DOI:10.29252/nirp.jpcp.6.2.101] [DOI:10.29252/nirp.jpcp.6.2.101]
15. Barati H, Pourmohamadreza Tajrishi M. The effect of social skills training on socialization skills in children with down syndrome. Iranian Rehabilitation Journal. 2012; 10 (15):35-8.
16. Karami B GM, Tayarani Rad A, Qasemi S. The matson evaluation of social skills with youngsters-II (MESSY-II) and its adaptation for Iranian children and adolescents with intellectual disability. Journal of Practice in Clinical Psychology. 2013; 1(4):239-45.
17. Aazami Y. [The Design and Validation of psychosocial model-based treatment plan and its effectiveness in emotion regulation, social skills and improving the quality of life of people with PTAS resulting from burn (Persian)] [PhD dissertation]. Tehran: University of Allameh Tabatabai; 2018.
18. Fatemi MJ SR, Samimi R. Saberi M, Namazi P, Pahlavanpour P, Moshiri Sh. [Quality of life of burn patients after discharge from Shahid Motahari Hospital in 2013 (Persian)]. Iranian Journal of Surgery. 2015; 23(2):31-40.
19. Narimani M, Sadeghieh Ahari S, Rajabi S. Comparison of efficacy of eye movement, desensitization and reprocessing and cognitive behavioral therapy methods in the Treatment of stress disorder. Journal of Applied Sciences. 2008; 8(10):1932-37. [DOI: 10.3923/jas.2008.1932.1937] [DOI:10.3923/jas.2008.1932.1937]
20. Soleimani M, Ahmadi K, Mohammadi A. [Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy in Anxiety Disorders and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Systematic Review of Literature (Persian)]. Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences. 2016; 14(1): 111-24.
21. Maredpour A NM. [The effectiveness of therapeutic method eye movement desensitization and reprocessing in women suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder arising from non-military events (Persian)]. Clinical Psychological Studies. 2016; 6(23):41-60.
22. Akbari Yeganeh Z, Dolatshahee B, Rezaee Dogaheh E. The effectiveness of neurofeedback training on reducing symptoms of war veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder. Journal of Practice in Clinical Psychology. 2016; 4(1):17-24.
23. Ahmadi Zadeh MJ AK, Anisi J. [The survey of comparative effectiveness of skills problem solving education and prolonged exposure on treatment of post traumatic stress disorder (Persian)]. Military Psychology. 2011; 1(4):11-23.
24. Blakeney PE, Rosenberg L, Rosenberg M, Faber A. Psychosocial care of persons with severe burns. Burns. 2008; 34(4):433-40. [DOI:10.1016/j.burns.2007.08.008] [PMID] [DOI:10.1016/j.burns.2007.08.008]
25. Sadipour Biabangard I. [Research Methods in Psychology and Educational Sciences (Persian)]. Tehran: Doran; 2012.
26. Nasbum A. A Practical Guide to Diagnostic Interviews Using DSM-5 Criteria [F Rezaei, AA Forooghi, Persian trans]. Tehran: Arjmand; 2013.
27. Weathers FW, Litz BT, Keane TM, Palmieri PA, Marx BP, Schnurr PP. The ptsd checklist for DSM-5 (pcl-5) [Internet]. 2017 [Updated 2017 May 11]. Available from: https://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/adult-sr/ptsd-checklist.asp
28. Talebigi F. [The Effectiveness of acceptance and commitment-based therapy on reducing experience avoidance in veterans with impact stress disorder in Kerman (Persian)] [MA thesis]. Tehran: Allameh Tabataba'i University; 2015.
29. Riggio RE. The Social Skills Inventory (SSI): measuring nonverbal and social skills. In: Manusov VL, editor. The Sourcebook of Nonverbal Measures: Going Beyond Words. New York: Psychology Press; 2005.
30. Yazd Khasti F. [Interactive styles and psychological tests (Persian)]. Esfahan: Payam-e Alavi; 2010.
31. O'Connor M. Patients' psychosocial adjustment to burn injury (family support, coping). In: Xerox University Microfilms, University Microfilms International, editors. Dissertation Abstracts International B, The Sciences and Engineering. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University Microfilms; 1974.
32. Eskafi Noghani M NS, Shirin-Zadeh Dastgiri S, Mohammadzadeh A, Najafi M. [Correlation of post-traumatic stress disorder with social support, quality of life and mental happiness in wives of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (Persian)]. Iranian Journal of War and Public Health. 2016; 8(1):17-23.
33. Sirati nir M, Ebadi A, Fallahi Khoshknab M, Tavallaie A. [Consequences of living with posttraumatic stress disorder: A qualitative study (Persian)]. Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences. 2012; 1(2):92-101.
34. Hojjati-Abed E, Karbalaaei-nouri A, Rafiei H, Karimlou M. [The efficacy of psychosocial occupational therapy services on quality of life of chronic pschiatric patents (Persian)]. Archives of Rehabilitation. 2010; 11(1):23-28.
35. Bagheri Yazdi A, Yasemi M, Khavasi L, Kafi A. Effectiveness of psycho-social support intervention in qazvin earthquake survivors. Quarterly Scientific Journal of Rescue and Relief. 2010; 2(2):1-10.
36. Torabi Momen E, Raheb G, Ali Pour F, Biglarian A. [The effectiveness of group social work intervention with developmental approach on psychosocial empowerment of female-headed households (Persian)]. Archives of Rehabilitation. 2017; 18(3):242-53. (persion) [DOI:10.21859/jrehab-1803242] [DOI:10.21859/jrehab-1803242]
37. Martin L, Byrnes M, McGarry S, Rea S, Wood F. Social challenges of visible scarring after severe burn: A qualitative analysis. Burns. 2017; 43(1):76-83. [DOI:10.1016/j.burns.2016.07.027] [PMID] [DOI:10.1016/j.burns.2016.07.027]
38. Rahzani K, Taleghani F, Nikbakht Nasrabadi A, Omrani fard M. . Qualitative approach on social problems in burned disfigurement individuals. Journal of Arak University of Medical Sciences. 2008; 11(3):37-48.
Send email to the article author
| Rights and permissions | |
 |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |
Contact Information
Archives of Rehabilitation (RJ)
Journal Tel: +98 (21) 71732812, 09941095452 (Call time Saturday to Wednesday 8 to 14)
Publisher Tel: +9821 453 55 555 - 453 55 000
E-mail: rehabilitationjour@gmail.com
Archives of Rehabilitation (RJ)
Journal Tel: +98 (21) 71732812, 09941095452 (Call time Saturday to Wednesday 8 to 14)
Publisher Tel: +9821 453 55 555 - 453 55 000
E-mail: rehabilitationjour@gmail.com
